rat hole mining advantages

advantages and disadvantages of beneficiation in mining

iron ore mining advantages and disadvantages. ... The advantages disadvantages and challenges of banning rat hole mining in the Jaintia hills of Meghalaya Author Dr Maitreyee Roy Subject Area Life Sciences Abstract Coal mines are site specific and they are located in the ecologically sensitive areas where forests are rich in Biodiversity Coal ...

Rat Upgrade: Miner | Rats Mod Wiki | Fandom

The Rat Upgrade: Miner allows rats to attempt to mine targeted blocks in the list when the rat is set to the "Harvest" command. Like all Rat Upgrades, it can be applied to a rat by placing it in the upgrade slot in the Rat Menu. Before the rat can start mining, you will need to assign materials to the Rat Upgrade: Miner for the rat to mine up. To assign materials, right-click with the Rat ...

Rat Hole Mining - Meghalaya East Jaintia Hills | UPSC ...

Advantages of Rat-hole mining | UPSC – IAS | Pib Less Capital Intensive: This type of mining when done in a scientific way, with suitable equipment is less capital intensive. Less Polluting: Unlike big mine fields which leave the nearby area nearly uninhabitable, rat-hole mines are less polluting to soil, air and water.

Exposed: Dark side of rat-hole mining in Meghalaya ...

A month after 15 miners were trapped inside a coal mine in Meghalaya, India Today's special investigative team exposed the dark side of rat-hole mining in Meghalaya. The team went deep inside a rat-hole mine where no one should go. Yet, this is where hundreds of poor miners are sent by powerful mining mafia.

Another year, another mining tragedy — why Meghalaya's ...

Talking about participation in illegal rat-hole mining, the aforementioned mine sirdar said "the labourers do it for money". "They get paid anywhere from Rs 700-800 to Rs 1,500-1600 as daily wages," he added. "Only men go down the tunnels. It can be a group of 100 labourers engaged at one particular site at a time.

The advantages, disadvantages and challenges of banning ...

Unsystematic shallow mining is one of the most important factors affecting the water body due to waste dumps. Coal in the state of Meghalaya possesses high degree of sulphur. Rat hole mining is technically simpler done by the tribals of Meghalaya. The National Green Tribunal banned rat hole mining in Jaintia Hills from April 2014.

(PDF) THICKENER DESIGN, CONTROL AND DEVELOPMENT

thickener underflow discharges throu gh a "rat-hole" above the ... the benefits to slurry vi ... there is a real need to bridge the gap between theory and the real world mining considerations ...

Exposed: Dark side of rat-hole mining in Meghalaya ...

The prevention and control of fire and explosion in mines

INTRODUCTION This information and guidance was prepared, in consultation with the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), by a working group representative of all sides of the mining industry.

Underground hard-rock mining - Wikipedia

Underground hard-rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate "hard" minerals, usually those containing metals, such as ore containing gold, silver, iron, copper, zinc, nickel, tin, and lead.It also involves the same techniques used to excavate ores of gems, such as diamonds and rubies. Soft-rock mining refers to the excavation of softer minerals, such as salt ...

Rat-hole mining - Civils360 IAS Academy

Rat-hole mining. It is a primitive and hazardous method of mining for coal, with tunnels that are only 3-4 feet in diameter (hence, rat-hole), leading to pits ranging from 5-100 sq. mt deep. There are two types of rat-holes: when dug into the ground these are vertical shafts leading to the mines where horizontal tunnels are dug; the second type ...

What is stripping ratio in mining? - Quora

Answer: In mining, stripping ratio or strip ratio refers to the ratio of the volume of overburden (or waste material) required to be handled in order to extract some tonnage of ore. For example, a 3:1 stripping ratio means that mining one tonne of ore will require mining three tonnes of waste rock

People living near mining activities at increased risk of ...

A recent exploratory study to determine the health and livelihood conditions of coal workers in the Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya where rat hole mining is prominent finds respiratory problems as the most prevalent disease. As many as 511 members were surveyed, out of which 266 respondents were coal labourers (coal digger, cutter, cart ...

Open Hole Completion - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

According to Logan (1993), the advantages of cased-hole completion are (1) stabilization of the borehole; (2) selective completion of single coal beds; (3) use of fluid for drilling, which will control water flow and overpressured gas kicks; and (4) drilling a "rat hole" for a sump pump below the coal bed, which optimizes dewatering and gas ...

Children work in rat-hole coal mines of Meghalaya: NHRC ...

Rat-hole mining involves digging of narrow horizontal tunnels, usually 3-4 feet high, for workers to enter and extract coal. The NHRC member said it has been observed that water floods those mines resulting in the death of many, as in the case of one in East Jaintia Hills district recently.

In which region of India is Rat Hole mining practiced ...

Hint: Rat hole mining is a form of mining where very small tunnels of 3-4 feet height are dug, and workers, usually children, enter to extract coal. Most of the minerals require government permission to be mined, however some tribal areas, individuals or communities own minerals, and such minerals are mined through Rat Hole mining.

Meghalaya's rat hole traps -ForumIAS Blog

Rat Hole Mining is mining procedure which involve digging of very small tunnel of only 3-4 feet high for extracting coal. 2. It is called rat hole because of small height of tunnel. 3. It is of broadly two types: (a) Side-Cutting: involve digging tunnel in hill slopes through which workers move to find coal seam (b) Box-Cutting: involve digging ...

What Life Is Like Working in Underground Coal Mines in the US

"Rat hole" mining has been popular in India, which is typically where vertical shafts cut down into hills, and then branch out and turn into narrow tunnels. They're dangerous and were banned in ...

An Introduction to Rat-hole Mining | Environics Trust

A rat-hole mine involves digging of very small tunnels, usually only 3-4 feet deep, in which workers, more often children, enter and extract coal. Rat-hole mining is broadly of two types – side-cutting and box-cutting. Although the coal is of bad quality, people see it as a treasure-chest. In backward regions, where there is loss of ...

Where coal is mined via 'rat-holes' | Explained News,The ...

In the other type of rat-hole mining, called box-cutting, a rectangular opening is made, varying from 10 to 100 sq m, and through that is dug a vertical pit, 100 to 400 feet deep. Once the coal seam is found, rat-hole-sized tunnels are dug horizontally through which workers can extract the coal. When was it banned, and why?

Environmental Impact Assessment - EIA History, Objectives ...

Rat Hole Mining – Concerns and Challenges: NCERT Notes: Geography- Some major minerals and their characteristics: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) Marine Mineral Resource: Importance and Types of Resources: Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy- Details on Requirement, Advantages & Disadvantages

What is rat hole mining? - eNotes.com

Rat hole mining is a term used in coal mining and is so named because of its name during colonial times, the sistema del rato, and because of …

RAT HOLE MINING - Optimize IAS

Rat Hole Mining. Rat hole mining involves digging of very small tunnels, usually only 3-4 feet high, which workers (often children) enter and extract coal. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) banned it in 2014, on grounds of it being unscientific and unsafe for workers. The state (Meghalayan) government has challenged the NGT ban in the Supreme ...

Killer rat-hole mines ruin ecology too | India News ...

This is just the latest accident after the National Green Tribunal's ban on rat-hole mining in the state on April 17, 2014. In 2012, at least 15 persons were trapped inside a rat-hole mine in ...

Everybody loves rat-hole mining in Meghalaya - India News

The ban on rat-hole mining by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in 2014 was a major poll issue with politicians claiming that the ban has hit the local economy hard and the lives of poor people dependent on mining.

Return to the Rat Hole - Foreign Policy

The traditional mining methods, including rat-hole mining, used in the state are extremely labor-intensive. Mechanical cranes came into use …

What is Rat-hole mining?

What is Rat-hole mining? Spread the word. Share the link on social media. Share. Facebook; ... state any two advantages of multiparty system . In which ... state the conditions as laid down by the election commision ... suggest some measures for the industrial development of Assam.

Hopes fade for 15 workers trapped in illegal mining 'rat ...

Hopes fade for 15 workers trapped in illegal mining 'rat hole' in India. Rescue personnel at work in the main shaft of the mine in East Jaintia Hills, in the Indian state of …